Development of Artificial Pancreas

Diabetic patients who have an abnormal blood glucose level suffer from acute effects of hypoglycemia and long term effects of hyperglycemia which include disorders of eyes, kidneys and nerves. This paper introduces the concept of an artificial pancreas which is a revolutionary device for the diabetic population. The artificial pancreas (AP), known as closed-loop control of blood glucose in diabetes, is a system combining a glucose sensor, a control algorithm, and an insulin infusion device. The development of artificial pancreas can be sketched back 50 years to when the possibility for external regulation of a human’s blood glucose was established by studies of type 1 diabetes using intravenous glucose measurement and infusion of insulin and glucose.The goal of the artificial pancreas is to relieve the person with diabetes from some of the burden of daily doses and medicines and insulin shots.